Includes bibliographical references (p. 327-338) and index.

Introduction and overview -- What's in a number? Definitions of fairness and political representation -- The allure and limitations of mathematical modeling : game theory and trench warfare -- Historical background of quantitative social science -- Sources of historical data -- Historical perspectives on international exchange rates -- Historical data and demography in Europe and the Americas -- Learning from economic data -- Econometric forecasting and the flow of information -- Two studies of interest rates and monetary policy -- Models and theories in sociology -- Explanations of the racial disturbances of the 1960s -- The time series of lynchings in the American South -- Attainment processes in a large organization -- What is political science? -- The politics of Supreme Court nominations : the critical role of the media environment -- Modeling strategy in congressional hearings -- Formulating and testing theories in psychology -- Some theories in cognitive and social psychology -- Signal detection theory and models for trade-offs in decision making -- The potential-outcomes model of causation -- Some statistical tools for causal inference with observational data -- Migration and solidarity.