Includes bibliographical references (p. 287 - p. 291) and index.

Conflicting Currents: The Egyptian Ikhwan in Opposition. -- From Diplomacy to Arms and Back to Diplomacy: The Evolution of the Syrian Ikhwan. -- The International Tanzeem: Myth or Reality? -- A School of Thought: The Ikhwan in Europe. -- The Ikhwan and Violence. -- The Arab Spring: From Opposition to Power. -- Conclusion: The Challenges Ahead.

In this authoritative analysis, Alison Pargeter follows the twists and turns of the Muslim Brotherhood as it battled through the years of oppression under authoritarian regimes to finally become a key and legitimate political actor. From Egypt and Syria to Tunisia and Libya, the Brotherhood and its affiliates are now faced with the complex task of transforming themselves from semi-clandestine opposition movements into legitimate political actors and, in some cases, into ruling powers.