Includes bibliographical references.

Science and law in the age of digitalization / Federico Pedrini -- Philosophy of law -- Technological singularity and personal identity. Reflections for an ethical-legal debate / Fernando H. Llano Alonso -- I. Neuro-implants and the therapeutic use of Artificial Intelligence -- II. The new generation of digital rights and the recognition of neurorights -- III. When a person becomes an avatar : the novo homo ludens in the Internet Metaverse -- IV. Conclusion -- Rights in the age of data / Thomas Casadei -- I. From the "age of rights" to the "age of data"? -- II. Reconfiguration of concepts and/or configuration of a new paradigm -- II.1. Reconfiguration of concepts -- II.2. Configuration of a new paradigm -- III. The challenge of trusting (human) rights -- Climate change and digitization : the role of AI from a "rights-based" perspective / Rosaria Pirosa -- I. Introduction -- II. The bioethical understanding of Artificial Intelligence within the theoretical-legal reflection on "climate change" -- III. The role of Artificial Intelligence in struggling climate change in light of the principle of beneficence -- IV. Sparks for a philosophical-legal perspective useful for promoting AI in the fight against climate instability -- V. The advantages of using AI in the restraining of the effects of climate change -- VI. Conclusions -- Constitutional law -- Non-discrimination and the AI Act / Lucia Bosoer, Marta Cantero Gamito, Ruth Rubio -- I. Introduction -- II. (Non-)Discrimination in the age of AI -- II.1. Preliminary definitions -- II.2. How can AI and algorithmic decision-making lead to discrimination? -- II.3. Examples of algorithmic discrimination -- III. Non-discrimination in the EU AI Act -- III.1. Overview: non-discrimination and the risk-based approach in the AI Act -- III.2 Examination of the legal framework for non-discrimination in the AI Act -- III.2.1. The problem of risk categorisation -- III.2.2. The effectiveness of the requirements on high-risk AI systems -- IV. Governance challenges and the rights-based approach as an alternative -- V. Conclusion -- Digitized information and information sustainability / Matteo Caldironi -- I. The digital ecosystem : an introduction -- II. The problem of pluralism of information online -- III. Infodemia -- IV. Information sustainability -- V. Some concluding remarks -- A premise for digitisation: the Right To Internet Access / Valentina Cavani -- I. Introduction -- II. The nature of the right to Internet access -- III. Internet access in the Constitution: where and how -- IV. Internet access in the Italian debate -- V. Internet access in constitutional jurisprudence : a comparative view -- VI. Internet access in the jurisprudence of European Court of Human Rights -- VII. The Internet and the Italian Constitutional Court : a call waiting for answer -- VIII. Some concluding remarks -- Digital Democracy. Risks and opportunities of the technological revolution : e-voting in the Italian and European context / Carmine Andrea Trovato -- I. E-voting: a definition -- II. The spread of e-voting in Europe -- III. Electronic voting in Italy -- III.1. The Italian experimentation of electronic voting -- III.2. First practical cases -- III.3. Digitisation of preliminary election procedures -- III.3.1. Electronic signature for referendums -- III.3.2. The appointment of list representatives -- IV. The advantages of electronic voting -- IV.1. The simplicity of exercising one's right to vote -- IV.2 The anti-abstentionist effect -- IV.3. Savings -- V. What risks? -- VI. Some Proposals to Mitigate Risks: Council of Europe, EDPS and ENISA Opinions -- VII. Conclusions -- Ius publicum europaeum -- Digital rights and public powers : a European perspective on digital citizenship / Marina Caporale -- I. Premise -- II. The progressive definition of European digital citizenship. The "European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles for the Digital Decade" and the centrality of individuals -- II.1. Previous experiences of the Italian and Spanish Internet Declaration of Rights -- III. Concluding remarks. European digital administrative citizenship. Rights and duties -- Algorithmic enforcement on cyberspace : legal boundaries of the use of automated content moderation on the European Union legal framework / Mario Santisteban Galarza -- I. Introduction -- II. The general framework on algorithmic content moderation : the principle of no monitorization and safeguards against algorithmic curation on the DSA -- III. Automated moderation under the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market and its compatibility with the principle of no general monitoring -- IV. The principle of no general monitoring and the DSA due diligence obligations -- References.

Local government law -- Digitisation of public administration in small municipalities : administrative simplification and equal opportunities / Elsa Marina Álvarez González -- I. Introduction -- II. Digital transformation and AI in depopulated municipalities -- II.1. Digital transformation and AI in public administration : the current situation -- II.2. The need for the digital transformation of administrations in rural or depopulated areas -- III. Administrative simplification and burden reduction in depopulated municipalities -- III.1. Proposals for the simplification of procedures -- Citizen participation in the digital age. A focus on the local level / Manuel Moreno Linde -- I. Towards a more participatory democracy -- II. Citizen participation and the communications revolution -- III. Focusing on participation and digitisation at the municipal level -- IV. Concluding remarks -- Tax law -- Automated decision making by tax authorities and the protection of taxpayers' rights in a comparative perspective / Chiara Francioso -- I. Risks and opportunities associated with automated decision making by tax authorities -- II. A comparative overview of automated decision making in tax procedures -- II.1. For guidance and early-certainty purposes -- II.2. In taxpayers' selection and tax auditing -- III. Regulatory challenges in the protection of taxpayers' rights -- Criminal law -- Modern crimes. The case of digital identity protection / Francesco Diamanti -- I. Introduction -- II. The "digital" identity -- III. The legal good "deserves" the interest of criminal law -- IV. Digital identity can be stolen (and more) -- V. Identity theft. Can it be punished? -- VI. Article 640-ter (3) of the Criminal Code -- VII. Conclusions -- AI and criminal law reform : notes on the inadequacy of a criminalization model based on a substantive principle / Fernando Miró-Llinares -- I. ¿Time travel to criminalize Skynet? A science fiction scenario for today's regulation -- II. Substantive reasons for potential criminal law reform in the face of AI's emergence -- II.1. Artificial Intelligence, new interests and/or new harms to existing ones : traditional arguments for crime reform -- II.1.1. New interests worthy of protection by criminal law and criminalization -- II.1.2. New forms to harm or endanger interests worthy of criminal protection relying on AI and criminalization -- III. Automation, autonomy, scalability: singularities of AI and their relation to criminalization -- Commercial law -- Supervision on market infrastructures based on distributed ledger technology. The role of ESMA / Alessandro V. Guccione -- I. Introduction -- II. The structure of supervision on DLT market infrastructures. The supervisory powers of the competent authorities -- III. ESMA's supervisory powers -- IV. Cooperation between operators of DLT market infrastructures, competent authorities and ESMA -- V. Conclusions : innovative nature of ESMA's competences on DLT market infrastructures -- Labour law -- The digitalization of public employment services : different European practices and models compared / Federica Nizzoli -- I. Introduction -- II. The dematerialisation of active labour market policies and its implications -- III. The role of digital platforms in public employment service -- IV. The algorithmic profiling -- V. The automated job-matching applications -- VI. The experience of online-based training -- VII. Conclusions and future perspectives -- Bibliography -- Procedural law -- How Technology is Changing Witness Testimony : Few Remarks from an Italian Perspective / Giacomo Pailli -- I. Introduction -- II. Italian law of evidence and the impact of technology -- III. Witness testimony : traditional issues -- IV. and new frontiers : 'software as the witness', videoconferencing and emojis -- V. Concluding remarks -- Private comparative law -- Handling Artificial Intelligence and Data Control : a few considerations on the European and U.S. approach / Cinzia Valente -- I. The Ubiquity of Artificial Intelligence as a Privacy Threat -- II. The Dimensions of Privacy : Balancing Confidentiality and Control in the European and American Framework -- III. California's Regulation of Data Circulation : Transparency as an instrument of protection -- IV. GDPR and CPRA face the Data-Driven Society : is it a different approach? -- V. Data Flows in the USA and Europe : some concluding remarks -- Ebook. Usage guide.

The digital revolution has had a major impact on the lives of individuals. The performance ofumerous activities and, consequently, the full development of the human personality, is now closely linked to the digital environment. There is, then, artificial intelligence, which has powerfully burst into these dynamics, providing them with an acceleration never seen before. All this brings with it considerable potential for the exercise of individuals' fundamental rights, but also, inevitably, increasingly worrisome threats. Through the critical gaze of scholars from different fields of law, the work aims to address the delicate relationship between technology and law, in order to draw from what has been lessons for what will be the future".