000			01429nam a22002297a 4500
003			BJBSDDR
005			20260310112953.0
007			ta
008			260310s2013 nyu||||| |||| 00| 0 spa d
020			_a9780199936977
040			_beng _cBJBSDDR
041			_aeng
050			_bH851d 2013
100	1		_aHoward, Philip N., _d1970- _91402
245	1	0	_aDemocracy's fourth wave? : _bdigital media and the Arab Spring / _cPhilip N. Howard, Muzammil M. Hussain
260			_aNew York: _bOxford University Press, _c2013
300			_axiv, 145 pages : _billustrations ; _c23 cm
520			_aDid digital media really "cause" the Arab Spring, or is it an important factor of the story behind what might become democracy's fourth wave? An unlikely network of citizens used digital media to start a cascade of social protest that ultimately toppled four of the world's most entrenched dictators. Howard and Hussain find that the complex causal recipe includes several economic, political and cultural factors, but that digital media is consistently one of the most important sufficient and necessary conditions for explaining both the fragility of regimes and the success of social movements. This book looks at not only the unexpected evolution of events during the Arab Spring, but the deeper history of creative digital activism throughout the region.
700	1		_aHussain, Muzammil M. _947409
942			_2lcc _n0 _cBK
946			_icmc
999			_c126554 _d126554